Regional Hegemony over the Security of the Arab Gulf States: A Case Study of Iran and Turkey (2003-2020)

Objectives: This study aims to analyze the role of regional powers, specifically Iran and Turkey, in exerting dominance over security Arab Gulf states. It also seeks identify geographical extensions, drivers, determinants this during period from 2003 2020. Methods: The utilizes theory Regional Hegemony, as it is a crucial framework for explaining international relations, interactions, phenomena within specific context. Results: Significant developments since 2003, such change Iraqi regime, rise non-state actors like Houthis Yemen, Popular Mobilization Forces Iraq, Hezbollah Lebanon, Spring events 2010, emergence terrorist organizations (ISIS), have contributed fragile tense environment. These factors led chaos, conflicts, alliances among major namely well Russia United States. powers intervened region, claiming establish peace while combating terrorism. highlights significance examining hegemony its implications Conclusions: expansion Turkey accompanied by shift defensive realism offensive realism, suggests an attempt dominate pose threat other countries. supported analysis their positions arguments presented justify interventions peaceful